摘  要

本设计主要是基于数控铣床工作原理，根据设计任务给定的工作尺寸设计一台比较简单的X-Y数控铣床工作台。

首先，确定总体设计方案：其中主要对导轨副、丝杠螺母副、减速装置的选用及控制系统的设计进行初步分析，再绘制总体方案图。

其次，进行机械传动部件的计算与选择：主要进行导轨上移动部件的重量估算，铣削力的计算，直线滚动导轨副的计算与选型，滚珠丝杠螺母副的计算与选型，步进电机减速箱的选用，步进电动机的计算与选型。本部分作为此设计重点，进行了大量的分析、计算及验算，最后得到满足任务规定尺寸的工作要求。

接着，对X-Y工作台的控制系统进行选择。本设计主要选用8051单片机进行控制,并进行了简单的汇编编程。

最后，控制系统的设计。此处主要通过进给传动系统来对硬件电路进行设计,并绘制控制系统原理框图；然后分析选用了步进电动机的驱动电源。

关键词：数控铣床； 控制系统； 总体设计

Abstract

This design is based on the CNC milling machine works, according to the design task given the size of the work to design a relatively simple economic XY CNC milling machine table.
    First, determine the overall design: including a preliminary analysis of the Guide way,screwnut, deceleration device selection and control system design, and then draw ageneral scheme in Figure.
    Secondly, the calculation and selection of mechanical drive components: the weight of moving parts in the rail estimates, the calculation of the milling force, linear rolling the Guide way the calculation and selection of, the calculation and selection of the ball screwnut, step into the motor to the gearbox selection, calculation and selection of the stepper motor. This section as the design focus a great deal of analysis, calculation and checking , and finally get to meet the mandate of the size of the job requirements.
Then, the control system of the XY table to choose. The design of the main selection of the 8051 microcontroller to control, and simple assembly programming.
    Finally, the control system design. Here mainly through into the transmission system to the hardware circuit design, and draw the control system block diagram; then analyzed and chosen stepper motor drive power.

Key words：CNC milling machine； control system； overall design