双向活塞斜盘式汽车空调压缩机设计

摘   要

迈入21世纪以来，各式各样的产业得到了蓬勃的发展，其中最为关切到普通人本身的便是汽车行业。今天我们将要谈及到的是汽车空调中的核心部件——压缩机。对于大多数人接触到的小型汽车来说，其空调受到空间限制的影响，以及该类汽车发动机往往功率不大，因此我们非常注重的是压缩机运行的效率、尺寸外形和功耗等。针对传统类型压缩机（如曲柄连杆式压缩机）的缺陷，在本设计中我们主要研究斜盘式压缩机中的一种——即双向活塞斜盘式压缩机。本设计主要完成了以下任务：

（1） 对汽车空调压缩机的发展历程作简要阐述，详细介绍汽车空调制冷系统的原理和组成，对目前市场上涡旋式和滑片式这两种类型压缩机的工作原理以及其特性进行详细剖析。

（2） 对双向活塞斜盘式压缩机进行总体设计，包括其原理、结构等。

（3） 对双向活塞斜盘式压缩机的重要组成零部件例如主轴、斜盘、双头活塞、气缸、前后端盖等进行尺寸结构设计，并对其材质以及所选工艺进行详细分析。

（4） 对双向活塞斜盘式压缩机中相关结构进行热力学计算，推导得出主轴、斜盘、活塞之间的运动学以及动力学公式。

在此设计过程中，我借助了SolidWorks、AutoCAD,将所设计产品用三维以及二维的方式表现出来，期间参阅了许多相关文献，并与大学四年所学知识结合起来，不仅提高了相关制图软件的操作能力，更从中学到了很多机械相关的知识。

关键词:汽车空调；压缩机；双向活塞；斜盘式

Abstract

 Since entering the 21st century, various industries have seen vigorous development. Among them, the most concerned about ordinary people is the automotive industry. Today we are going to talk about compressors, the core component of automotive air conditioning. For small cars that most people are exposed to, their air conditioning is affected by space limitations, and the type of car engines are often not very powerful, so we are very much focused on the efficiency of compressor operation, size and shape and power consumption. For the defects of traditional type compressors (such as crank-link compressors), in this design we mainly study one of the swash-plate type compressors, namely two-way piston swash plate type compressors. This design will mainly complete the following tasks:

(1) Briefly expounding the development history of automotive air-conditioning compressors, detailing the principles and components of automotive air-conditioning refrigeration systems, and working principles and characteristics of the two types of compressors: scroll-type and slide-type. Detailed analysis.

(2) The overall design of a two-way piston swash plate type compressor, including its principle, structure, etc.

(3) Dimensional structural design of important components of two-way piston swash plate type compressors such as main shaft, swash plate, double-headed piston, cylinder, front and rear end covers, etc., and detailed analysis of their materials and selected processes.

(4) Thermodynamic calculations are performed on the relevant structures in a two-way piston swash plate type compressor, and the kinematics and dynamic equations between the main shaft, the swash plate, and the piston are deduced.

In this design process, I took advantage of SolidWorks and AutoCAD to express the designed products in 3D and 2D. During the period, I read many related literatures and combined them with the knowledge learned in the university for four years, which not only improved the relevant cartography. The software's operating capability has also learned a lot of machine-related knowledge.

Key words：Automotive Air Conditioning; Compressor; Two-way Piston; Swashplat

目    录

摘   要

Abstract

1.  绪 论

1.1 汽车空调的发展历程及其意义

1.2 汽车空调制冷系统的组成及其原理

1.3 汽车空调压缩机的发展历程以及种类

1.4 各类压缩机的结构形式与特点

1.5 本设计主要研究内容

2. 双向活塞斜盘式压缩机总体设计

2.1 双向活塞斜盘式压缩机的总体结构设计

2.2 双向活塞斜盘式压缩机的工作原理

2.3 双向活塞斜盘式压缩机结构设计及分析

2.4 双向活塞斜盘式压缩机主要结构运动计算与分析

2.5 双向活塞斜盘式压缩机主要结构受力计算与分析

3. 热力学分析与计算

3.1 热力学分析

3.2 热力学计算

4. 压缩机辅助系统分析及其制冷剂、润滑油选择

4.1 吸气、排气系统分析

4.2 润滑系统分析

4.3 制冷剂

4.4 润滑油的选择

4.5 附件

5. 双向活塞斜盘式压缩机三维建模

5.1 活塞

5.2 转轴斜盘总成

5.3 气缸

5.4 电磁离合器

5.5 双向活塞斜盘式压缩机装配

结 论

参考文献

附录1：外文翻译

附录2：外文原文

致 谢

…………