长城哈弗H6汽车循环球式转向器设计

本论文主要阐述说明长城哈弗H6的循环球式转向器的设计过程。汽车是一种性能要求高，负荷变化大的运输工具。转向系统是汽车的关键部分，而转向器是转向系统的重要组成部件，对它的深入研究显得意义重大。转向器质量的好坏对汽车的行驶稳定性和安全性都有直接影响。

循环球式转向器主要由螺杆、钢球、螺母和转向器壳体等组成，具有较高的传动效率，操纵轻便，磨损较小，使用寿命长，近年来得到了广泛应用。虽然近年来电子助力，液压助力转向器越来越多的出现，但循环球式转向器由于其自身的特点被广泛应用于各级各类汽车上。

本论文的重点在于循环球式转向器的设计，其中包括查询、计算转向系统相关参数；计算、选取转向器的尺寸；校核主要零件强度、刚度；确定零件载荷；同时对转向器进行结构设计、分析优化；并用AUTO CAD画出图纸，表达清楚其内部结构。实现转向器结构紧凑、轴向尺寸短、且零件数目少又能增加助力。

关键词：SUV；转向器；机械转向；循环球式；设计

The Great Wall of Haval H6 Car Circulating Ball Type Steering Gear Design

Abstract

This thesis mainly expounds that the Great Wall at haval H6 circulating ball type steering gear design process. Car is a kind of high performance requirements, large transport load change. Steering system is a key part of the car, steering and steering gear is an important component of the in-depth study of it is significant. Steering gear quality on vehicle driving stability and safety are directly affected.

Mainly by the circulating ball type steering gear, ball screw, nut and steering gear housing and so on, has the high transmission efficiency, manipulating light, wear small, long service life, has a wide range of applications. Although electronic power in recent years, more and more hydraulic power steering gear, loop ball tooth fan type redirector rack due to its own characteristics is widely used in all levels of various types of cars.

This paper will focus on the design of the circulating ball type steering gear, including query, relevant parameters calculated steering system; The size of the calculation, selection of steering gear; Check the main parts strength and rigidity; Determining the load; Optimization of structural design and analysis for the steering gear; With the AUTO CAD drawing drawings, clear its internal structure. Realize the steering compact structure, short axial dimensions, and less number of parts and can increase power.

Key Words: SUV；The steering gear；Mechanical steering；Circulating ball type；Design

目  录

1绪论 1

1.1转向器的研究背景及意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 3

1.3本文主要研究内容 4

2转向器概述 5

2.1转向器简介 5

2.2工作原理 5

2.3循环球式转向器特点 5

3转向系主要性能参数 8

3.1转向器的效率 8

3.1.1转向器正效率η+ 8

3.1.2转向器逆效率η- 8

3.2转向系传动比 9

3.2.1转向系的角传动比 9

3.2.2转向系的力传动比 10

3.2.3力传动比和转向系角传动比的关系 10

3.3转向系变角传动原理 10

3.4转向器传动副的传动间隙△t

3.5转向系计算载荷的确定

4转向器的尺寸参数设计 13

4.1钢球中心距D、螺杆外径D₁、 螺母内径D₂、钢球直径d及数量n 13

4.2滚道截面 15

4.3接触角θ 17

4.4螺距P和螺线导程角α₀ 17

4.5工作钢球圈数W与导管内径d₁ 17

4.6螺杆的实际有效工作长度的计算 18

5齿条、齿扇传动副的设计 19

5.1工作原理 19

5.2变厚齿扇的分析 20

5.3变厚齿扇齿形的计算 21

6循环球式转向器零件强度计算 23

6.1钢球与滚道之间的接触应力σ

6.2齿扇齿的弯曲应力σ_w 24

6.3转向摇臂轴直径d的确定 24

7结论 26

参考文献 27

致  谢 28

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