摘要

黑龙江温差大、日照长、降雨量少，这使黑龙江种植有着其他地方无法比拟的优势。目前黑龙江很多地区玉米苗都采用人工移栽，不仅效率低而且栽植成本高，严重制约了黑龙江玉米产业的发展。解决该问题的一项重要措施是变人工移栽为机械移栽。而目前能够实现膜上栽植的栽植器（栽植机构），却存在移栽速度慢，成本高，对地膜损伤大，造成秧苗成活率降低的问题，还有秧苗直立度问题也没有很好的得到解决。本文针对秧苗直立度及对地膜的保护的问题，结合国内外移栽机栽植器研究现状，提出了一种新的理论，并依据该原理研究设计了一种新的栽植器：膜上滚筒栽植器。

（1）通过分析对比国内外移栽机栽植机构的优缺点，结合黑龙江玉米特定的种植要求，提出了膜上滚筒栽植器的整体设计方案。

（2）介绍了栽植器主要组成结构和工作原理，通过成穴部分、接苗筒部分的工作过程进行理论分析，给出了各部件各运动过程的理论数学模型。

（3）通过对玉米苗的物理特性的研究，得到了其三维尺寸，以此作为依据结合农艺要求，并给出了栽植器各部件的设计原则以及机车速度、滚筒转速与部件结构设计的关系。并通过三维建模软件solidworks2010对关键部件完成三维建模，对栽植器整体进行了可视化的虚拟装配和干涉检查。

玉米覆膜移栽技术的应用具有省工、省本、省力、省水、不伤根、长势强盛等优势。经济效益和社会效益显著，在我省玉米生产区有广阔的发展前途，有普遍的推广价值。

关键词：玉米移栽机；膜上移栽技术；滚筒式栽植器。

Based on SolidWorks membrane

drum planting design

ABSTRACT

Heilongjiang temperature difference is big, long sunshine, less rainfall, which planting has incomparable advantage elsewhere. Now many areas using artificial transplanting maize seedlings in heilongjiang province, not only low efficiency and high cost of planting, seriously restricting the development of corn industry in heilongjiang province Is an important measure to solve the problem of the artificial transplanting for mechanical transplanting. And on the membrane can be implemented at present planting plant (plant), there are transplanting speed slow, cost is high, the great damage to the film. It results in a decreased survival rate of seedlings, seedlings upright degree problem also is not very good solved Seedlings upright degree, the author of this paper and the problem of the protection of membrane combined with transplanter planting apparatus research status at home and abroad, this paper proposes a new theory, and based on the principles of research design, a new planting apparatus: membrane drum plant.

(1) Through the analysis of comparing the advantages and disadvantages of transplanter planting institutions at home and abroad, combining specific corn in heilongjiang province, proposed the membrane on the roller plant machine overall design scheme.

(2) Introduces main structure and working principle for planting, part by cavitation, seedling tube part of the working process of the theory analysis, each component is given theoretical mathematical model of motion process.

(3) Based on the research of the physical characteristics of maize seedlings, got its three dimensions, as a basis for combining agricultural demands, and gives the design principle of planting apparatus parts, as well as the locomotive speed, roller speed to the parts structure design. And through the three-dimensional modeling software solidworks2010 complete 3 d modeling on key components, plant overall for the visualization of the virtual assembly and interference checking.

Corn effect of transplanting technology application has the province industry and this, energy saving, water saving, no root damage, growing strong advantages. Economic benefit and social benefit is remarkable, has wide development prospects in corn production area in our province, has widely promoted value.

Keywrods: corn transplanting machine，transplanting technology，drum planting apparatus.

目  录

摘要

ABSTRACT

目  录

1前言

1.1课题研究的目的和意义

1.2国内外栽植机构的研究概况

1.2.1国外钵苗栽植机构的研究概况

1.2.2国内钵苗移栽机构的研究概况

1.3栽植机构方案选择

1.3.1滑道分钵轮式栽植器

1.3.2分土靴式栽植器

1.3.3鸭嘴圆盘式栽植器

2栽植机构方案的确定、工作过程分析

2.1移栽机方案的确定

2.2零速原理

2.3移栽机膜上移栽

3基于SolidWorks滚筒栽植器关键部件的三维建模

3.1滚筒结构参数的确定

3.2栽植器结构设计

3.3接苗筒的设计

4栽植机构的装配及干涉检查

4.1虚拟仿真特点

4.2滚筒式栽植器的装配

4.3栽植器的干涉检查

4.4栽植器的运动速度的确定

5膜上滚筒栽植机构的使用

5.1覆膜移栽的主要性能结构及其意义

5.2膜的选择

5.3采光利用率

结论

参考文献

致谢

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