摘    要

倾动机构是实现转炉炼钢生产最主要的设备之一，它的特点是倾动力矩大、减速比大、启制动频繁和能够承受较大的动载荷。转炉倾动机构工作在多渣尘和高温的恶劣工作环境中，因而其可靠性和寿命对于整个转炉设备的安全运转有着非常重要的影响。为获得适应于驱动的低转速，需要很大的减速比。转炉炉体自重很大，再加装料重量等，整个被倾转部分的重量要达上百吨或上千吨。转炉倾动机械的工作属于“启动工作制”。机构除承受基本静载荷作用外，还要承受由于启动、制动等引起的动载荷。这种动载荷在炉口刮渣操作时，其数值甚至达到静载荷的两倍以上。启、制动额繁，承受较大的动裁荷。转炉倾动机械随着氧气转炉炼钢生产的普及和发展也在不断的发展和完善，出现了各种型式的倾动装置。其中，带有扭力杆缓冲止动装置的全悬挂式倾动机械，由于其独有的多点啮合柔性传动的优势，逐渐成为主流。本文对转炉倾动机构的基本形式做了简单介绍。重点介绍用3D法计算转炉倾动力矩的整体过程。完成了最佳耳轴位置的选择计算，绘制了倾翻力矩曲线，完成对转炉倾动的电机选择与校核，并对整个倾动系统的主要零部件进行了计算和校核。本论文对转炉倾动机构的设计提供了一种新思路。

关键词：倾动机构；倾动力矩；传动系统；柔性支撑

ABSTRACT

Tilting mechanism is to achieve one of the main steelmaking production equipment, which is characterized by a large dump Moment, gear ratio, starting and braking frequently and withstanding greater dynamic load. Converter tilting mechanism works in harsh working environments, more slag dust and high temperatures. Thus their reliability and longevity for the safe operation of the equipment throughout the converter has a very significant impact. Adaptation to obtain a low rotational speed of the drive requires a large reduction ratio. Great weight converter furnace, plus loading weight, etc., the entire weight of the part to be tilting up hundreds of tons or thousands of tons. BOF furnace steel smelting a time, usually only four minutes later. Converter tilting mechanical work belongs to "start working system." In addition to the basic institutions to withstand static loads, but also to withstand dynamic loads due to start, braking caused. This dynamic load in the mouth skimming operation, more than twice its value even to static loads. Kai, the amount of braking complex, dynamic cut withstand greater load. As the steelmaking process low, heavy and harsh working conditions, coupled with the start, brake frequently, especially on a different way to start the motor on the dynamic behavior of the converter. With the converter tilting BOF steelmaking machinery popularization and development also continues to develop and improve, there have been various types of tilting the device. With torsion bar stopper buffer full hanging tilting mechanical, diagonally arranged into four main transmission system of a reducer drive one at the center of the second gear, so as to drive the rotary converter work performed. This paper converter tilting mechanism gives a brief introduction. Introduction tilting mechanism structure, design principles, the basic design parameters, as well as several forms of structure and configuration of the drive tilting mechanism and the transmission format.

Keywords: converter; tilting mechanism; pour Moment; transmission system；

Resilient mounting

目  录

1绪论

1.1转炉研究的背景及意义

1.2转炉炼钢工艺流程

1.3转炉倾动机构的设计原则

1.4国内外研究现状和发展趋势

1.4.1国外转炉倾动装置的研究现状和发展趋势

1.4.2 国内转炉倾动装置的研究现状和发展趋势

1.5 转炉倾动机构主要研究内容及方法

2转炉倾动机构总体方案的确定

2.1倾动机构的配置形式的比较与选择

2.2倾动机构的驱动的电机的选择

2.3倾动机构减速器的设计方案

2.4联轴器、齿轮、轴、轴承、制动器的选择

3转炉倾动力矩的计算

3.1倾动力矩的组成部分

3.2确定转炉炉型

3.3确定转炉重心

3.4确定预设耳轴位置

3.5计算炉液力矩与空炉力矩

3.6确定耳轴摩擦力矩

3.7运用Excel绘制倾动力矩表格

3.8确定最佳耳轴位置

3.9确定修正后的转炉倾动力矩

3.10绘制倾动力矩曲线图

4电动机、制动器及联轴器的设计与校核

4.1 电机容量计算与确定电机型号

4.1.1确定电机型号

4.1.2电动机工作制度值及发热值的校核

4.1.3电动机的过载校核

4.1.4确定启动时间

4.2 联轴器的计算与选择

4.3制动器的计算与选择

4.3.1制动器的选择计算

4.3.2制动时间校核

5齿轮传动系统的设计计算

5.1分配传动比

5.2运动以及动力参数计算

5.3齿轮传动设计

5.4其它齿轮设计计算

5.5齿轮的校核

6轴及轴承的设计计算

6.1轴材料的确定

6.2轴的设计计算

6.3轴的校核

6.4轴承的校核

7扭力杆系统的设计

7.1 扭力杆缓冲止动装置

7.2 扭力杆设计计算

7.2.1扭力杆直径和曲柄半径的确定

7.2.2 安全座空隙的选择

8 设备的可靠性和经济评价

8.1 设备的可靠性

8.1.1设备平均寿命

8.1.2 可靠度的计算

8.1.3 机械设备的有效度

8.2 设备的经济评价

8.2.1 投资回收期

8.2.2 盈亏平衡分析

    结    论

致    谢

参考文献

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