摘  要

单片机控制的永磁无刷直流电动机调速系统适用于电动自行车等小功率的工作情况。并能将多余的电能回溃。该系统具有调速性能好、功率因数高、节能、体积小、重量轻等优点。

本文从系统要求分析入手，将整个系统分成四个部分，分析和讨论了各个部分的电路原理、控制策略、实现方法。详细讨论了系统的各种工况及信号的传递情况，并得到了系统各个部分在不同工况的工作状态。系统各部分的控制电路基于Intel公司的控制芯片8051单片机。根据永磁无刷直流电动机的特性实施脉宽PWM控制，并通过转速传感器测量转速通过八段数码管动态显示转速，通过软硬件的配合，实现了整个系统的设计要求。本文主要是让更多的人正确的认识电动自行车和对电动自行车的主要器件的保养，便与延长电动自行车的寿命。

关键词：单片机、脉宽调速系统PWM、永磁无刷直流电动机、八段数码管动态显示、转速传感器，蓄电池

Abstract

 SCM control of permanent magnet brushless DC motor speed control system applicable to electric bicycles, and other low-power work. Redundant power and can return to collapse. The system has good speed performance, high power factor, energy saving, small size, light weight, and other advantages.

This paper analyzes the requirements from the system, the whole system will be divided into four parts, analysis and discussion of the various parts of the circuit of the control strategy, implementation method. Discussed in detail the status of the various systems and signal transduction, and have the system in different parts of the state the status of the work. Part of the system control circuit based on Intel's 8051 chip microcontroller. According to the permanent magnet brushless DC motor control of the PWM pulse width, speed sensor and passed through eighth speed digital dynamic display of speed, through hardware and software support, for the entire system design requirements. This paper is designed to allow more people to the correct understanding of electric bicycles, and electric bicycles on the main device maintenance, and would extend the life of electric bicycles.

   Key words: SCM, PWM pulse speed control system, permanent magnet brushless DC motor, the eighth of digital dynamic display, speed sensor, battery

目  录

第一章 引言 …………………………………………………………………………1

第二章 系统要求 ……………………………………………………………………2

第三章 总体规划 ……………………………………………………………………4

第四章 电路设计 ……………………………………………………………………5

第五章 主要器件性能及原理………………………………………………………10

5、1 MCS-51单片机内部结构……………………………………………………10

5、2 A/D转换芯片 ………………………………………………………………13

5、3 永磁无刷直流电动机………………………………………………………14

5、4 三端式稳压器78L05 ………………………………………………………17

5、5 集成转速传感器KMI15-1 …………………………………………………21

5、6 译码器 ………………………………………………………………………25

5.7 电动自行车的核心蓄电池 …………………………………………………29

5.8控制器与保护功能 …………………………………………………………30

第六章 电动自行车的维修和保养…………………………………………………33

第七章 结束语  ……………………………………………………………………34

第八章 致谢  ………………………………………………………………………35

参考文献 ……………………………………………………………………………36

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